Definition
A "Learning Management System" (LMS) is a software package that enables the management and delivery of learning content and resources to students. Most LMSs are web-based to facilitate "anytime, anywhere" access to learning content and administration.
An LMS usually enables student registration, the delivery and tracking of e-learning courses and content, and testing, and may also allow the management of instructor-led training classes. In the most comprehensive LMSs, one may find tools such as competency management, skills-gap analysis, succession planning, certifications, virtual live classes, and resource allocation (venues, rooms, textbooks, instructors, etc.). Most systems allow for learner self-service, facilitating self-enrollment, and access to courses.
Some do not distinguish between LMS and LCMS, referring to both as "LMS," but there is a difference. An LCMS, which stands for "Learning Content Management System," facilitates the organization of content from authoring tools, and the presentation of this content to students via the LMS.
LMSs are based on a variety of development platforms, and usually employ the use of a robust database back-end. They make it possible for a course designer to present to students, through a single, consistent, and intuitive interface, all the components required for a course of education or training. A comprehensive LMS will implement all of the following elements:
- The syllabus for the course.
- Administrative information including the location of sessions, details of pre-requisites and co-requisites, credit information, and how to get help.
- A notice board for up-to-date course information.
- Student registration and tracking facilities, if necessary with payment options.
- Basic teaching materials. These may be the complete content of the course, if the VLE is being used in a distance learning context, or copies of visual aids used in lectures or other classes where it is being used to support a campus-based course.
- Additional resources, including reading materials, and links to outside resources in libraries and on the Internet.
- Self-assessment quizzes which can be scored automatically.
- Formal assessment procedures.
- Electronic communication support including e-mail, threaded discussions and a chat room, with or without a moderator.
- Differential access rights for instructors and students.
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